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AJP - Heart and Circulatory Physiology, Vol 263, Issue 4 1107-H1112, Copyright © 1992 by American Physiological Society
ARTICLES |
Y. Liu and J. M. Downey
Department of Physiology, University of South Alabama, Mobile 36688.
We examined the anti-infarct effect of ischemic preconditioning in the rat heart. All hearts were subjected to 30 min of regional coronary ischemia and 2 h of reperfusion. Infarct size was determined by tetrazolium. The control group had an average infarct size of 31% of the risk zone. Three 5-min cycles of preconditioning ischemia limited the infarct size to 3.7%. Neither the adenosine receptor blocker PD 115,199 nor the ATP-sensitive potassium channel blocker, glibenclamide, could block this protection. Intracoronary adenosine A1-receptor agonist 2-chloro-N6-cyclopentyladenosine offered a significant anti-infarct protection to the isolated rat heart, however. Although one 5-min cycle of preconditioning did not protect the rat heart from infarction (31% infarction in risk zone), it did attenuate arrhythmias. We conclude that 1) the rat heart can be preconditioned, which argues against mitochondrial adenosinetriphosphatase being the mechanism of preconditioning; 2) the threshold for preconditioning is higher in rat than rabbit or dog; 3) a role for adenosine in preconditioning was only partially supported; and 4) a role for ATP-sensitive potassium channels was not supported.
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A. Jovanovic, A. E. Alekseev, J. R. Lopez, W. K. Shen, and A. Terzic Adenosine Prevents Hyperkalemia-Induced Calcium Loading in Cardiac Cells: Relevance for Cardioplegia Ann. Thorac. Surg., January 1, 1997; 63(1): 153 - 161. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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H. Ogino, R. T. Smolenski, M. Zych, A.-M. L. Seymour, and M. H. Yacoub Influence of Preconditioning on Rat Heart Subjected to Prolonged Cardioplegic Arrest Ann. Thorac. Surg., August 1, 1996; 62(2): 469 - 474. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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G. K. Asimakis, S. D. Lick, and V. R. Conti Transient Ischemia Cannot Precondition the Rabbit Heart Against Postischemic Contractile Dysfunction Ann. Thorac. Surg., August 1, 1996; 62(2): 543 - 548. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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J. E. J. Schultz, A. K. Hsu, and G. J. Gross Morphine Mimics the Cardioprotective Effect of Ischemic Preconditioning via a Glibenclamide-Sensitive Mechanism in the Rat Heart Circ. Res., June 1, 1996; 78(6): 1100 - 1104. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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M. Seyfarth, G. Richardt, A. Mizsnyak, T. Kurz, and A. Schomig Transient Ischemia Reduces Norepinephrine Release During Sustained Ischemia : Neural Preconditioning in Isolated Rat Heart Circ. Res., April 1, 1996; 78(4): 573 - 580. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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P. Menasche, E. Kevelaitis, C. Mouas, C. Grousset, A. Piwnica, and G. Bloch PRECONDITIONING WITH POTASSIUM CHANNEL OPENERS:A NEW CONCEPT FOR ENHANCING CARDIOPLEGIC PROTECTION? J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg., December 1, 1995; 110(6): 1606 - 1614. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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M. E. Speechly-Dick, G. J. Grover, and D. M. Yellon Does Ischemic Preconditioning in the Human Involve Protein Kinase C and the ATP-Dependent K+ Channel? : Studies of Contractile Function After Simulated Ischemia in an Atrial In Vitro Model Circ. Res., November 1, 1995; 77(5): 1030 - 1035. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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P. G. Burns, I. B. Krukenkamp, C. A. Caldarone, G. R. Gaudette, E. A. Bukhari, and S. Levitsky Does Cardiopulmonary Bypass Alone Elicit Myoprotective Preconditioning? Circulation, November 1, 1995; 92(9): 447 - 451. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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K. Hu and S. Nattel Mechanisms of Ischemic Preconditioning in Rat Hearts : Involvement of {alpha}1B-Adrenoceptors, Pertussis Toxin–Sensitive G Proteins, and Protein Kinase C Circulation, October 15, 1995; 92(8): 2259 - 2265. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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W. Chen, S. Gabel, C. Steenbergen, and E. Murphy A Redox-Based Mechanism for Cardioprotection Induced by Ischemic Preconditioning in Perfused Rat Heart Circ. Res., August 1, 1995; 77(2): 424 - 429. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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R. Zucchi, S. Ronca-Testoni, G. Yu, P. Galbani, G. Ronca, and M. Mariani Postischemic Changes in Cardiac Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Ca2+ Channels : A Possible Mechanism of Ischemic Preconditioning Circ. Res., June 1, 1995; 76(6): 1049 - 1056. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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K. Vuorinen, K. Ylitalo, K. Peuhkurinen, P. Raatikainen, A. Ala-Rami, and I. E. Hassinen Mechanisms of Ischemic Preconditioning in Rat Myocardium : Roles of Adenosine, Cellular Energy State, and Mitochondrial F1Fo-ATPase Circulation, June 1, 1995; 91(11): 2810 - 2818. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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E. Murphy, W. Glasgow, T. Fralix, and C. Steenbergen Role of Lipoxygenase Metabolites in Ischemic Preconditioning Circ. Res., March 1, 1995; 76(3): 457 - 467. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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K. Imahashi, T. Nishimura, J. Yoshioka, and H. Kusuoka Role of Intracellular Na+ Kinetics in Preconditioned Rat Heart Circ. Res., June 8, 2001; 88(11): 1176 - 1182. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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