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Program in Vascular Biology and Section of Vascular Surgery, Departments of Pharmacology and Physiology and of Surgery, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey 07103
To better understand the mechanisms of ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury, we tested the hypothesis that protein synthesis is involved in the production of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and in the microvascular transport changes in I/R. To evaluate the hypothesis, we inhibited protein synthesis with topically applied actinomycin D (AMD), measured I/R-induced changes in microvascular transport, and bioassayed the venous plasma levels of TNF. The rat cremaster muscle I/R model consisted of 4 h of ischemia followed by 2 h of reperfusion. Changes in transport were determined by integrated optical intensity (IOI) using FITC-Dextran 150 as tracer. Animals were separated into four groups: 1) control (C), 2) control treated with AMD (C + AMD), 3) I/R, and 4) I/R treated with AMD (I/R + AMD). The mean (±SE) maximal IOI in C and C + AMD were 3.0 ± 1.0 and 3.7 ± 0.7 units, respectively. I/R elevated mean maximal IOI to 21.8 ± 1.9 units (P < 0.05 vs. C, C + AMD, I/R + AMD). Treatment with AMD reduced the I/R-induced mean maximal IOI to 9.7 ± 2.0 units (P < 0.05 vs. I/R). In I/R group, plasma TNF levels increased (relative to preischemia baseline) immediately after the release of the vascular occlusion to 250 pg/ml and reached a peak value of 342 pg/ml at 60 min of reperfusion. In the I/R + AMD group, AMD reduced TNF increase to 44 pg/ml. The C and C + AMD groups showed no differences in TNF values during the 6 h of observation. We conclude that protein synthesis and TNF generation are at least partially involved in I/R-induced changes in microvascular transport.
ischemia-reperfusion injury; actinomycin D; deoxyribonucleic acid transcription; skeletal muscle; tumor necrosis factor
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