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Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 274: H2152-H2162, 1998;
0363-6135/98 $5.00
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Vol. 274, Issue 6, H2152-H2162, June 1998

Electrical interactions between a rabbit atrial cell and a nodal cell model

Ronald W. Joyner1, Rajiv Kumar1, David A. Golod1, Ronald Wilders2,3, Habo J. Jongsma2, E. Etienne Verheijck2,3, Lennart Bouman3, William N. Goolsby1, and Antoni C. G. Van Ginneken2

1 Todd Franklin Cardiac Research Laboratory, The Children's Heart Center, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322; 2 Department of Medical Physiology and Sports Medicine, Utrecht University, 3584 CG Utrecht; and 3 Department of Physiology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands

Atrial activation involves interactions between cells with automaticity and slow-response action potentials with cells that are intrinsically quiescent with fast-response action potentials. Understanding normal and abnormal atrial activity requires an understanding of this process. We studied interactions of a cell with spontaneous activity, represented by a "real-time" simulation of a model of the rabbit sinoatrial (SA) node cell, simultaneously being electrically coupled via our "coupling clamp" circuit to a real, isolated atrial myocyte with variations in coupling conductance (Gc) or stimulus frequency. The atrial cells were able to be driven at a regular rate by a single SA node model (SAN model) cell. Critical Gc for entrainment of the SAN model cell to a nonstimulated atrial cell was 0.55 ± 0.05 nS (n = 7), and the critical Gc that allowed entrainment when the atrial cell was directly paced at a basic cycle length of 300 ms was 0.32 ± 0.01 nS (n = 7). For each atrial cell we found periodic phenomena of synchronization other than 1:1 entrainment when Gc was between 0.1 and 0.3 nS, below the value required for frequency entrainment, when the atrial cell was directly driven at a basic cycle length of either 300 or 600 ms. In conclusion, the high input resistance of the atrial cells allows successful entrainment of nodal and atrial cells at low values of Gc, but further uncoupling produces arrhythmic interactions.

action potential; cell coupling; arrhythmia; mathematical model; sinoatrial node; atrioventricular node


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