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Departments of 1 Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine and 2 Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, FIN-70211 Kuopio, Finland; and 3 Laboratoire de Physiologie de l'Environnement, Faculté de Médecine Grange Blanche, Universite Claude Bernard and Hospices Civils de Lyon Hôpital E. Herriot, 69373 Lyon Cedex 08, France
Short-term blood pressure variability (BPV)
has been suggested to provide important information about
cardiovascular regulation. However, the background of BPV, its
determinants, and physiological correlates have remained obscure. The
aim of this study was to characterize physiological correlates of BPV
and to investigate associations between BPV and neural and hormonal
regulatory systems at rest in healthy subjects. We studied 117 healthy,
normal-weight, nonsmoking male and female subjects aged 23-77 yr.
Spectral analysis of BPV and heart rate variability (HRV) was performed
from 5-min blood pressure (Finapres) and electrocardiogram recordings
during controlled breathing. Baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) was measured using the phenylephrine method. In addition, plasma concentrations of
norepinephrine, epinephrine, and arginine vasopressin and plasma renin
activity were measured. We found that the ratio between the low- and
high-frequency components of HRV, an index of cardiac sympathovagal
balance, correlated positively with total power and very low- and
low-frequency components of systolic and diastolic BPV and inversely
with high-frequency components of systolic and diastolic BPV. BRS,
predominantly a measure of cardiac vagal regulation, correlated
inversely with BPV. Furthermore, age, gender, body mass index, and
systolic blood pressure contributed to BPV. Vasoactive hormones were
not significant correlates of BPV. We conclude that sympathovagal
balance of cardiovascular regulation is the major determinant of BPV.
Other factors associated with BPV are age, gender, body mass index,
blood pressure, and BRS.
autonomic nervous system; baroreflex sensitivity; heart rate variability
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