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Program in Molecular and Cellular Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Wayne State University, and the John D. Dingall Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Detroit, Michigan 48201
Bradykinin (BK)
has a direct hypertrophic effect on rat ventricular cardiomyocytes
(VCM) as defined by an increase in protein synthesis and an increase in
atrial natriuretic peptide mRNA and secretion. In the current study, we
have examined the dependence of BK-induced protein synthesis on
activation of 90-kDa ribosomal S6 kinase
(p90rsk) and 70-kDa S6 kinase
(p70S6K). Both of these kinases
possess the ability to phosphorylate the ribosomal protein S6, which
plays an important role in initiating mRNA translation. Stimulation of
adult VCM with 10 µM BK increased p90rsk activity by 2.5 ± 0.3-fold and increased p70S6K
activity by 2.0 ± 0.3-fold.
p90rsk is a terminal kinase in the
mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase pathway. Inhibition of MAP
kinase kinase activation by Raf in the MAP kinase pathway with
PD-098059 (25 µM) blocked BK-stimulated activation of
p90rsk by 70% and unexpectedly
blocked p70S6K by 72%. Rapamycin
inhibited BK-stimulated p70S6K
activity by 93% but had no effect on
p90rsk activation by BK.
Inhibition of the MAP kinase pathway and
p70S6K with PD-098059 was
paralleled by changes in protein synthesis. BK (10 µM) increased
[3H]phenylalanine
incorporation by 27 ± 3 and 39 ± 6% in cultured adult and
neonatal VCM, respectively. Treatment with PD-098059 or rapamycin
abolished the increase in protein synthesis stimulated by BK. These
results suggest that 1) BK activates
p70S6K and
p90rsk;
2) although both
p70S6K and
p90rsk have the potential to
phosphorylate the ribosomal S6 protein, p70S6K and not
p90rsk is the predominant kinase
involved in increasing protein synthesis by BK; and
3)
p70S6K activation is dependent on
stimulation of the MAP kinase pathway at a point distal to Raf.
angiotensin II; mitogen-activated protein kinase; 90-kilodalton ribosomal S6 kinase; 70-kilodalton S6 kinase
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