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Laboratory for Research in Neonatal Physiology, Departments of Physiology and of Pediatrics, University of Tennessee, Memphis, Tennessee 38163
Responses to
hypercapnia and acetylcholine by newborn piglet pial arterioles are
prostanoid dependent but appear to require both prostanoids and nitric
oxide in juvenile pigs. We hypothesized that cerebrovascular dilatory
responses become less prostanoid dependent and more NO dependent with
development. Pial arteriolar responses to hypercapnia and histamine
were recorded from 
-chloralose-anesthetized newborn and juvenile
pigs with closed cranial windows. Responses were recorded during
control, after indomethacin or
N
-nitro-L-arginine
(L-NNA), and after inhibitor
plus iloprost or sodium nitroprusside. Indomethacin blocked newborn
hypercapnic responses and markedly attenuated histamine dilations, but
only reduced the dilations to about half in juveniles. Iloprost at subdilator concentrations restored newborn responses to hypercapnia and
histamine but did not alter either response in indomethacin-treated juveniles. L-NNA attenuated
juvenile, but not newborn, hypercapnia-induced dilations. Sodium
nitroprusside did not restore the response. L-NNA did not alter responses to
histamine in either age group. Cerebrovascular dilations to hypercapnia
and histamine are prostanoid dependent and nitric oxide independent in
the newborn pig, whereas nitric oxide assumes an increasing role in
hypercapnic, but not histamine, responses with development.
newborn piglets; juvenile pigs; cranial window; cerebral circulation; permissive
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