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1 Division of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267-0542; 2 Division of Cardiology, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio 45222; and 3 Krannert Institute of Cardiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202
Protein kinase C
(PKC) and mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase activation appear
important in conferring hypertrophy in vitro. However, the response of
PKC and MAP kinase to stimuli known to induce hypertrophy in vivo has
not been determined. We recently demonstrated that pressure-overload
hypertrophy induced a transiently transfected gene driven by an
hypertrophy responsive enhancer (HRE) through a marked increase in
binding activity of its interacting nuclear factor (HRF). These data
suggested that the HRE/HRF could serve as a target for evaluating the
signal transduction events responsible for hypertrophy in vivo.
Accordingly, we characterized MAP kinase and PKC isoform activation,
injected HRE driven reporter gene expression, and HRF binding activity in rat hearts subjected to ascending aortic clipping or sham operation in the presence of the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor fosinopril, hydralazine, or no treatment. Analyses showed that PKC-
and MAP kinase were acutely activated following ascending aortic
ligature and that fosinopril significantly inhibited but did not
completely abrogate PKC-
and MAP kinase activation. However, fosinopril completely prevented pressure overload-mediated induction of
HRE containing constructs and obviated increased HRF binding activity.
These results suggest a direct relationship between ACE activity and
HRE/HRF-mediated gene activation and imply that PKC-
and MAP kinase
may be involved in transducing this signal.
angiotensin-converting enzyme; protein kinase C; mitogen-activated protein kinase; BCK promoter; gene activation; hypertrophy; nuclear factors
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