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Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Medical School Hanover, 30625 Hanover, Germany
We have described a transducer design capable of recording forces generated by single cardiac myocytes with sufficient temporal resolution to detect force responses to rapid length changes. Our force sensors were made from thin steel foils that act as cantilevers whose bending is monitored by reflection off a laser beam. Deflection of the laser beam is measured by a differential photodiode detector. A small, 50-µm-thick tungsten needle attached to the free end of the steel foil allowed us to glue single cardiac cells to the force transducer. The transducers have compliances of ~0.02 m/N and resonance frequencies between 2 and 3 kHz. The resolution is ~18 nN rms at a detector bandwidth of 16 kHz, so we were able to resolve 0.2% of the maximum isometric force (~12 µN) developed by a single cardiac myocyte. We have demonstrated that the transducer is well suited to analysis of mechanical properties of single ventricular myocytes, for example, the recording of isometric forces and rate constants of force redevelopment after rapid release-restretch maneuvers.
force sensor; cardiac muscle; muscle contraction; force redevelopment; isometric force
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M. G. Garcia-Webb, A. J. Taberner, N. C. Hogan, and I. W. Hunter A modular instrument for exploring the mechanics of cardiac myocytes Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, July 1, 2007; 293(1): H866 - H874. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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