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-opioid
receptors
1 Department of Anesthesiology, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland 97201; and 2 Research and Anesthesiology Services, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Portland, Oregon 97201
In rats and rabbits, endogenous opioid
peptides participate in ischemic preconditioning. However, it is not
known which endogenous opioid(s) can trigger cardioprotection. We
examined preconditioning-induced and opioid-induced limitation of cell
death in isolated, calcium-tolerant, adult rabbit cardiomyocytes. Cells
were subjected to simulated ischemia by pelleting and
normothermic hypoxic incubation. Preconditioning was elicited with 15 min of simulated ischemia followed by 15 min of resuspension
and reoxygenation. All cells underwent 180 min of simulated
ischemia. Cell death was assessed by trypan blue permeability.
Morphine protected cells, as did preconditioning; naloxone blocked the
preconditioning-induced protection. Exogenous Met5-enkephalin (ME) induced
protection, but exogenous
-endorphin did not. ME-induced protection
was blocked by the
-selective antagonist naltrindole. Additionally,
two other proenkephalin products,
Leu5-enkephalin and
Met5-enkephalin-Arg-Phe, provided
protection equipotent to ME. These data suggest that one or more
proenkephalin products interact with
-opioid receptors to
endogenously trigger opioid-mediated protection.
heart; opioid peptides; hypoxia; cell viability
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