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Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Medical Center and Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
Menopausal status is a risk factor for coronary artery
disease death, but the mechanism underlying this association is
uncertain. To test whether estrogen ameliorates the effects of acute
myocardial ischemia in ways likely to translate into a
mortality difference, we compared the response to brief (6-min) and
prolonged (45-min) coronary occlusion in vivo in five groups (each
n = 16) of rats: ovariectomized females; ovariectomized females
after 6 wk 17
-estradiol replacement; male rats supplemented with
estradiol for 6 wk; normal males; and normal females. Coronary
occlusion produced a uniform ischemic risk area averaging 53 ± 3% of
left ventricular volume. After a brief occlusion, reperfusion
ventricular tachycardia/fibrillation occurred with >85% frequency in
all groups. During a prolonged occlusion, ischemic ventricular
tachycardia occurred in 100% and sustained tachycardia requiring
cardioversion in >75% of rats in all groups. Myocardial infarct size
averaged 52 ± 4% of the ischemic risk area and was similarly
unaffected by gender or estrogen status. We conclude that neither
short-term estrogen withdrawal, replacement, nor supplementation
significantly affects the potentially lethal outcomes from acute
coronary occlusion in this species.
menopause; gender; coronary artery disease
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