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1 Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) Unité 533, Faculté des Sciences, 44322 Nantes Cedex 3; 2 INSERM Unité 441, 33600 Pessac; 3 Institut de Recherches Internationales Servier, 92415 Courbevoie; and 4 Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Unité Propre de Recherche 411, 06560 Sophia Antipolis, France
In the cardiovascular system, activation of ionotropic (P2X receptors) and metabotropic (P2Y receptors) P2 nucleotide receptors exerts potent and various responses including vasodilation, vasoconstriction, and vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation. Here we examined the involvement of the small GTPase RhoA in P2Y receptor-mediated effects in vascular myocytes. Stimulation of cultured aortic myocytes with P2Y receptor agonists induced an increase in the amount of membrane-bound RhoA and stimulated actin cytoskeleton organization. P2Y receptor agonist-induced actin stress fiber formation was inhibited by C3 exoenzyme and the Rho kinase inhibitor Y-27632. Stimulation of actin cytoskeleton organization by extracellular nucleotides was also abolished in aortic myocytes expressing a dominant negative form of RhoA. Extracellular nucleotides induced contraction and Y-27632-sensitive Ca2+ sensitization in aortic rings. Transfection of Swiss 3T3 cells with P2Y receptors showed that Rho kinase-dependent actin stress fiber organization was induced in cells expressing P2Y1, P2Y2, P2Y4, or P2Y6 receptor subtypes. Our data demonstrate that P2Y1, P2Y2, P2Y4, and P2Y6 receptor subtypes are coupled to activation of RhoA and subsequently to Rho-dependent signaling pathways.
guanosine 5'-triphosphate-binding proteins; extracellular nucleotides; vascular tone
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