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Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 280: H1537-H1546, 2001;
0363-6135/01 $5.00
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Vol. 280, Issue 4, H1537-H1546, April 2001

Regulation of B2-kinin receptors by glucose in vascular smooth muscle cells

Julie Christopher1, Victoria Velarde1, Da Zhang1, Douglas Mayfield1, Ronald K. Mayfield1,3, and Ayad A. Jaffa1,2

1 Department of Medicine and 2 Departments of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Medical University of South Carolina, and 3 Ralph H. Johnson Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Charleston, South Carolina 29425

The development of vascular disease is accelerated in hyperglycemic states. Vascular injury plays a pivotal role in the progression of atherosclerotic vascular disease in diabetes, which is characterized by increased vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation and extracellular matrix accumulation. We previously reported that diabetes alters the activity of the kallikrein-kinin system and results in the upregulation of kinin receptors in the vessel wall. To determine whether glucose can directly influence the regulation of kinin receptors, the independent effect of high glucose (25 mM) on B2-kinin receptors (B2KR) in VSMC was examined. A threefold increase in B2KR protein levels and a 40% increase in B2KR surface receptors were observed after treatment with high glucose after 24 h. The mRNA levels of B2KR were also significantly increased by high glucose as early as 4 h later. To elucidate the cellular mechanisms by which glucose regulates B2KR, we examined the role of protein kinase C (PKC). High glucose increased total PKC activity and resulted in the translocation of conventional PKC isoforms (beta 1 and beta 2), novel (epsilon ), and atypical (zeta ) PKC isoforms into the membrane. Inhibition of PKC activity prevented the increase in B2KR levels induced by ambient high glucose. These findings provide the first evidence that glucose regulates the expression of B2 receptors in VSMC and provide a rationale to further study the interaction between glucose and kinins on the pathogenesis of atherosclerotic vascular disease in diabetes.

protein kinase C; bradykinin; intracellular calcium


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