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Department of Physiology and Division of Cardiology, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland 21201
Confocal laser scanning microscopy and fluo 4 were
used to visualize local and whole cell Ca2+ transients
within individual smooth muscle cells (SMC) of intact, pressurized rat
mesenteric small arteries during activation of 
1-adrenoceptors. A method was developed to record the
Ca2+ transients within individual SMC during the changes in
arterial diameter. Three distinct types of "Ca2+
signals" were influenced by adrenergic activation (agonist:
phenylephrine). First, asynchronous Ca2+ transients were
elicited by low levels of adrenergic stimulation. These propagated from
a point of origin and then filled the cell. Second, synchronous,
spatially uniform Ca2+ transients, not reported previously,
occurred at higher levels of adrenergic stimulation and continued for
long periods during oscillatory vasomotion. Finally, Ca2+
sparks slowly decreased in frequency of occurrence during exposure to
adrenergic agonists. Thus adrenergic activation causes a decrease in
the frequency of Ca2+ sparks and an increase in the
frequency of asynchronous wavelike Ca2+ transients, both of
which should tend to decrease arterial diameter. Oscillatory vasomotion
is associated with spatially uniform synchronous oscillations of
cellular [Ca2+] and may have a different mechanism than
the asynchronous, propagating Ca2+ transients.
calcium transient; smooth muscle; artery; mesenteric artery; smooth muscle cells
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