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1 Human Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology and Applied Physiology, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder 80309; and 2 Divisions of Cardiology and Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, Colorado 80262
Cardiovagal
baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) declines with advancing age in
humans, but the underlying mechanism has not been established. Using
two different approaches, we determined the relation between
age-associated decline in cardiovagal BRS and the compliance of an
artery in which arterial baroreceptors are located. First, we measured
carotid artery compliance (via the simultaneous application of
ultrasonography and arterial applanation tonometry) and cardiovagal BRS
(phase IV of the Valsalva maneuver) in 47 healthy sedentary men that
varied widely in age (19-76 yr). Cardiovagal BRS declined
progressively with age (r = 
0.69; P 
0.001) and was positively related to carotid artery compliance (r = 0.71; P 0.001). Stepwise
multiple-regression analysis revealed that carotid artery compliance
was the strongest independent physiological correlate of cardiovagal
BRS and that it explained 51% of the total variance. Second, we
studied 13 middle-aged and older previously sedentary men (age 56 ± 2 yr) before and after 13 wk of aerobic exercise intervention. Regular
exercise increased both cardiovagal BRS and carotid artery compliance
(P < 0.05) and the two events were strongly and
positively related (r = 0.72; P < 0.01). We conclude that reduced carotid artery compliance may play an
important mechanistic role in age-associated decrease in cardiovagal
BRS in healthy sedentary humans.
aging; baroreceptor; exercise training
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