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University Laboratory of Physiology, Oxford OX1 3PT, United Kingdom
We tested the hypothesis
that natriuretic peptide receptors (NPRs) that are coupled to cGMP
production act in a similar way to nitric oxide (NO) by enhancing
acetylcholine release and vagal-induced bradycardia. The effects of
enzyme inhibitors and channel blockers on the action of atrial
natriuretic peptide (ANP), brain-derived natriuretic peptide
(BNP), and C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) were evaluated in isolated
guinea pig atrial-right vagal nerve preparations. RT-PCR confirmed the
presence NPR B and A receptor mRNA in guinea pig sinoatrial node
tissue. BNP and CNP significantly (P < 0.05) enhanced
the heart rate (HR) response to vagal nerve stimulation. CNP had no
effect on the HR response to carbamylcholine and facilitated the
release of [3H]acetylcholine during atrial field
stimulation. The particulate guanylyl cyclase-coupled receptor
antagonist HS-142-1, the phosphodiesterase 3 inhibitor milrinone,
the protein kinase A inhibitor H89, and the N-type calcium channel
blocker
-conotoxin all blocked the effect of CNP on vagal-induced
bradycardia. Like NO, BNP and CNP facilitate vagal neurotransmission
and bradycardia. This may occur via a cGMP-PDE3-dependent pathway
increasing cAMP-PKA-dependent phosphorylation of presynaptic N-type
calcium channels.
nitric oxide; autonomic nervous system; acetylcholine; heart rate
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