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Departments of 1 Anaesthesiology and 2 Physiology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
This study
evaluates the effects of anesthesia and fluid support on
hemodynamic parameters of the mechanically ventilated mouse of four
different strains. All experiments were performed at a similar surgical
level of anesthesia, as indicated by the probing of the pedal
withdrawal reflex. Three anesthetic regimens [fentanyl-fluanisone-midazolam (FFM), ketamine-medetomidine-atropine (KMA), and isoflurane (ISO)], four commonly used mouse strains (Swiss,
CD-1, BalbC, and C57Bl6), and three different fluid support strategies
(no fluid, 0.2 ml · h
1 · 10 g
1 of 6% polystarch solution, and 0.5 ml · h
1 · 10 g
1 saline)
were studied. Mean arterial pressure (MAP) or heart rate (HR)
was similar among the four strains of mice except a trend toward lower
HR for the BalbC mice. In terms of MAP, KMA is the preferred anesthetic
for the Swiss and CD-1 mice, whereas KMA or ISO are recommended for
BalbC or C57Bl6 mice. In terms of HR, ISO is the preferred anesthetic
for the Swiss, CD-1, and C57Bl6 strains. No differences in HR for the
three anesthetics were observed for the BalbC strain. Compared with
administration of no fluid, both saline and polystarch administration
similarly increased MAP by 7 ± 2, 10 ± 2, and 11 ± 2 mmHg at t = 1, 2, and 3 h, respectively, whereas
fluid administration was without effect on HR. Saline supplementation
resulted in an increased dry-to-wet ratio of the heart and both fluid
regimens decreased total hemoglobin in the blood from 12.6 ± 0.5 to 10.4 ± 0.5 g/100 ml. Saline administration was associated with
blood acidosis (pH 7.20 ± 0.03) compared with the Haes (pH
7.29 ± 0.02) or no-fluid group (pH 7.34 ± 0.03), whereas
PCO2 was ~30 mmHg for all groups. We conclude
that at similar surgical levels of anesthesia, the preferable type of anesthesia (ISO or KMA, but never FFM) depends on the strain used and
whether MAP or HR is the focus of study. Additional fluid support is
beneficial in terms of raising arterial blood pressure, although this
is at the cost of changes in organ water content and increased anemia.
blood pressure; heart rate; murine physiology
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