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Department of Biomedical Engineering and Center for Computational Medicine and Biology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21205
Experimental measurements have suggested
a consumption rate of nitric oxide (NO) by red blood cells (RBCs) that
is orders of magnitude smaller than that of an equivalent concentration of free hemoglobin in solution. This difference has been attributed to
external diffusion limitations in the transport of NO from the plasma
to the surface of the RBC or to resistance in the transport through the
erythrocytic membrane. A detailed mathematical model is developed to
quantify the resistance to NO transport around a single RBC and to
predict the consumption rate in the presence and absence of
extracellular hemoglobin. We provide a description for the NO
consumption rate as a function of hematocrit, RBC radius, membrane
permeability, and extracellular hemoglobin concentration. We predict a
first-order rate constant for NO consumption in blood between 7.5 × 102 and 6.5 × 103 s
1 at
a hematocrit of 45% for membrane permeability values between 0.1 and
40 cm/s. Our results suggest that the difference in NO uptake by RBCs
and free hemoglobin is smaller than previously reported and it is
hematocrit dependent.
red blood cells; diffusion; reaction; blood substitutes
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