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1 Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3; and 2 Division of Cardiac Surgery, The Toronto Hospital, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2C4 Canada
The objective of this study was to
determine whether the effects of a fructose diet, which causes
hyperinsulinemia, insulin resistance, and hypertension in male rats,
are dependent on sex. Blood pressure was measured via the tail-cuff
method, and oral glucose tolerance tests were performed to assess
insulin sensitivity. Blood pressure in female rats did not differ
between fructose-fed and control rats at any time point (126 ± 5 and 125 ± 3 mmHg at week 9 for fructose-fed and
control rats, respectively) nor was there a difference in any metabolic
parameter measured. Furthermore, the vascular insulin resistance that
is present in male fructose-fed rats was not observed. After
ovariectomy, fructose caused a significant change in systolic blood
pressure from baseline compared with fructose-fed ovary-intact rats
(change of 21 ± 5 vs. 
2 ± 4 mmHg). The results
demonstrate that females do not develop hypertension or
hyperinsulinemia upon fructose feeding except after ovariectomy, suggesting that female sex hormones may confer protection against the
effects of a fructose diet.
hyperinsulinemia; insulin resistance; vasculature; sex
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