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1 Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Akdeniz University, Antalya, 07070 Turkey; and 2 Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California 90033
In addition to
its known action on vascular smooth muscle, nitric oxide (NO) has been
suggested to have cardiovascular effects via regulation of red blood
cell (RBC) deformability. The present study was designed to further
explore this possibility. Human RBCs in autologous plasma were
incubated for 1 h with NO synthase (NOS) inhibitors
[N
-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester
(L-NAME) and S-methylisothiourea], NO donors
[sodium nitroprusside (SNP) and diethylenetriamine
(DETA)-NONOate], an NO precursor (L-arginine), soluble
guanylate cyclase inhibitors (1H-[1,2,4]oxadiazolo-[4,3-a]quinoxalin-1-one and methylene
blue), and a potassium channel blocker [triethylammonium (TEA)].
After incubation, RBC deformability at various shear stresses was
determined by ektacytometry. Both NOS inhibitors significantly reduced
RBC deformability above a threshold concentration, whereas the NO donors increased deformability at optimal concentrations. NO donors, as
well as the NO precursor L-arginine and the potassium
blocker TEA, were able to reverse the effects of NOS inhibitors.
Guanylate cyclase inhibition reduced RBC deformation, with both SNP and DETA-NONOate able to reverse this effect. These results thus indicate the importance of NO as a determinant of RBC mechanical behavior and
suggest its regulatory role for normal RBC deformability.
hemorheology; hemodynamics; regulation; cGMP
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