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Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 284: H2375-H2383, 2003. First published February 27, 2003; doi:10.1152/ajpheart.00785.2002
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Vol. 284, Issue 6, H2375-H2383, June 2003

Modulation of mitochondrial nitric oxide synthase and energy expenditure in rats during cold acclimation

Jorge Guillermo Peralta, Paola V. Finocchietto, Daniela Converso, Francisco Schöpfer, María Cecilia Carreras, and Juan José Poderoso

Laboratory of Oxygen Metabolism, University Hospital, University of Buenos Aires, 1120 Buenos Aires, Argentina

To preserve thermoneutrality, cold exposure is followed by changes in energy expenditure and basal metabolic rate (BMR). Because nitric oxide (NO) modulates mitochondrial O2 uptake and energy levels, we analyzed cold effects (30 days at 4°C) on rat liver and skeletal muscle mitochondrial NO synthases (mtNOS) and their putative impact on BMR. Cold exposure delimited two periods: A (days 1-10), with high systemic O2 uptake and weight loss, and B (days 10-30), with lower O2 uptake and fat deposition. mtNOS activity and expression decreased in period A and then increased in period B by 60-100% in liver and skeletal muscle (P < 0.05). Conversely, mitochondrial O2 uptake remained initially high in the presence of L-arginine and later fell by 30-50% (P < 0.05). On this basis, the estimated fractional contribution of liver plus muscle to total BMR varied from 40% in period A to 25% in period B. The transitional modulation of mtNOS in rat cold acclimation could participate in adaptive responses that favor calorigenesis or conservative energy-saving mechanisms.

basal metabolic rate; brown adipose tissue; oxygen uptake; weight loss


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