AJP - Heart Calcium Transients and Cell-Sarcomere
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Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 285: H1-H9, 2003. First published March 6, 2003; doi:10.1152/ajpheart.01118.2002
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INVITED REVIEW

PPAR-{alpha} effects on the heart and other vascular tissues

Gordon A. Francis,1 Jean-Sébastien Annicotte,2 and Johan Auwerx2

1Canadian Institutes of Health Research Group on Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids and Departments of Medicine and Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2S2; and 2Institut de Génétique et Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Université Louis Pasteur, 67404 Illkirch, France

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-{alpha} is a member of a large nuclear receptor superfamily whose main role is to activate genes involved in fatty acid oxidation in the liver, heart, kidney, and skeletal muscle. While currently used mainly as hypolipidemic agents, the cardiac effects and anti-inflammatory actions of PPAR-{alpha} agonists in arterial wall cells suggest other potential cardioprotective and antiatherosclerotic effects of these agents. This review summarizes current knowledge regarding the effects of PPAR-{alpha} agonists on lipid and lipoprotein metabolism, the heart, and the vessel wall and introduces some of the insights gained in these areas from studying PPAR-{alpha}-deficient mice. The introduction of new and more potent PPAR-{alpha} agonists will provide important insights into the overall benefits of activating PPAR-{alpha} clinically for the treatment of dyslipidemia and prevention of vascular disease.

atherosclerosis; fatty acid oxidation; lipoproteins; cholesterol; nuclear receptors; peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-{alpha}; ATP-binding cassette transporter A1; fibrate; high-density lipoprotein


Address for reprint requests and other correspondence: G. A. Francis, 328 HMRC, Univ. of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2S2 (E-mail: gordon.francis{at}ualberta.ca).




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