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Departments of 1Pediatrics and 2Medicine, 3Cardiovascular Research Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53226
Submitted 30 June 2003 ; accepted in final form 9 February 2004
The purine nucleotide ATP mediates pulmonary vasodilation at birth by stimulation of P2Y purine receptors in the pulmonary circulation. The specific P2Y receptors in the pulmonary circulation and the segmental distribution of their responses remain unknown. We investigated the effects of purine nucleotides, ATP, ADP, and AMP, and pyrimidine nucleotides, UTP, UDP, and UMP, in juvenile rabbit pulmonary arteries for functional characterization of P2Y receptors. We also studied the expression of P2Y receptor subtypes in pulmonary arteries and the role of nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandins, and cytochrome P-450 metabolites in the response to ATP. In conduit size arteries, ATP, ADP, and AMP caused greater relaxation responses than UTP, UDP, and UMP. In resistance vessels, ATP and UTP caused comparable vasodilation. The response to ATP was attenuated by the P2Y antagonist cibacron blue, the NO synthase antagonist N
-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME), and the cytochrome P-450 inhibitor 17-octadecynoic acid but not by the P2X antagonist 
,
-methylene ATP or the cyclooxygenase inhibitor indomethacin in conduit arteries. In the resistance vessels, L-NAME caused a more complete inhibition of the responses to ATP and UTP. Responses to AMP and UMP were NO and endothelium dependent, whereas responses to ADP and UDP were NO and endothelium independent in the conduit arteries. RT-PCR showed expression of P2Y1, P2Y2, and P2Y4 receptors, but not P2Y6 receptors, in lung parenchyma, pulmonary arteries, and pulmonary artery endothelial cells. These data suggest that distinct P2Y receptors mediate the vasodilator responses to purine and pyrimidine nucleotides in the juvenile rabbit pulmonary circulation. ATP appears to cause NO-mediated vasodilation predominantly through P2Y2 receptors on endothelium.
ATP; UTP; nitric oxide
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