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ATP inhibits pump activity of lymph vessels via adenosine A₁ receptor-mediated involvement of NO- and ATP-sensitive K⁺ channels

¹Department of Physiology, Shinshu University School of Medicine; and ²Institute of Organ Transplants, Reconstructive Medicine, and Tissue Engineering, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Matsumoto 390-8621, Japan

Submitted 13 November 2003 ; accepted in final form 5 August 2004

We examined the effects of ATP on intrinsic pump activity in lymph vessels isolated from the rat. ATP caused significant dilation with a cessation of lymphatic pump activity. Removal of the endothelium or pretreatment with N-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) significantly reduced ATP-induced inhibitory responses of lymphatic pump activity, whereas reduction was not suppressed completely by 10^–6 M ATP. L-Arginine significantly restored ATP-induced inhibitory responses in the presence of L-NAME. ATP-induced inhibitory responses in lymph vessels with endothelium were also significantly, but not completely, suppressed by pretreatment with glibenclamide. 8-Cyclopentyl-1,3-dipropylxanthine (a selective adenosine A₁ receptor antagonist), but not suramine (a P2X and P2Y receptor antagonist) or 3,7-dimethyl-1-proparglyxanthine (a selective adenosine A₂ receptor antagonist), significantly decreased ATP-induced inhibitory responses. ,-Methylene ATP (a selective P2X and P2Y receptor agonist) had no significant effect on lymphatic pump activity. In some lymph vessels with endothelium (24 of 30 preparations), adenosine also caused dose-dependent dilation with a cessation of lymphatic pump activity. L-NAME significantly reduced the inhibitory responses induced by the lower (3 x 10^–8–3 x 10^–7 M) concentrations of adenosine. Glibenclamide or 8-cyclopentyl-1,3-dipropylxanthine also significantly suppressed adenosine-induced inhibitory responses. These findings suggest that ATP-induced dilation and inhibition of pump activity of isolated rat lymph vessels are endothelium-dependent and -independent responses. ATP-mediated inhibitory responses may be, in part, related to production of endogenous nitric oxide, involvement of ATP-sensitive K⁺ channels, or activation of adenosine A₁ receptors in lymphatic smooth muscle and endothelium.

rat; endothelium; smooth muscle; nitric oxide

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