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8TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON RESISTANCE ARTERIES
New Developments in Resistance Artery Research: From Molecular Biology to Bedside

Toward functional genomics of flow-induced outward remodeling of resistance arteries

Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, University of Maastricht, and School of Life Sciences, Transnational University of Limburg, Maastricht, The Netherlands

Submitted 6 August 2004 ; accepted in final form 26 September 2004

In resistance-sized arteries, a chronic increase in blood flow leads to increases in arterial structural luminal diameter and arterial wall mass. In this review, we summarize recent evidence that outward remodeling of resistance arteries 1) can help maintain and restore tissue perfusion, 2) is not intimately related to flow-induced vasodilatation, 3) involves transient dedifferentiation and turnover of arterial smooth muscle cells, and 4) is preceded by increased expression of matricellular proteins, which have been shown to promote disassembly of focal adhesion sites. Studies of experimental and physiological resistance artery remodeling involving differential gene expression analyses and the use of knockout and transgenic mouse models can help unravel the mechanisms of outward remodeling.

flow-induced vasodilatation; matricellular protein; gene expression microarray analysis

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