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Middle cerebral artery flow velocity and pulse pressure during dynamic exercise in humans

¹Department of Integrative Physiology, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth; ²Institute for Exercise and Environmental Medicine, Presbyterian Hospital and The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas; and ³Copenhagen Muscle Research Center, Department of Anesthesia, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

Submitted 23 September 2004 ; accepted in final form 1 December 2004

Exercise challenges cerebral autoregulation (CA) by a large increase in pulse pressure (PP) that may make systolic pressure exceed what is normally considered the upper range of CA. This study examined the relationship between systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and mean arterial pressure (MAP) and systolic (V_s), diastolic (V_d). and mean (V_m) middle cerebral artery (MCA) blood flow velocity during mild, moderate, and heavy cycling exercise. Dynamic CA and steady-state changes in MCA V in relation to changes in arterial pressure were evaluated using transfer function analysis. PP increased by 37% and 57% during moderate and heavy exercise, respectively (P < 0.05), and the pulsatility of MCA V increased markedly. Thus exercise increased MCA V_m and V_s (P < 0.05) but tended to decrease MCA V_d (P = 0.06). However, the normalized low-frequency transfer function gain between MAP and MCA V_m and between SBP and MCA V_s remained unchanged from rest to exercise, whereas that between DBP and MCA V_d increased from rest to heavy exercise (P < 0.05). These findings suggest that during exercise, CA is challenged by a rapid decrease rather than by a rapid increase in blood pressure. However, dynamic CA remains able to modulate blood flow around the exercise-induced increase in MCA V_m, even during high-intensity exercise.

cerebral circulation; diastolic velocity; systolic velocity

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