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Mitral tetrahedron as a geometrical surrogate for chronic ischemic mitral regurgitation

Departments of ¹Surgery and ²Medical Imaging, National Taiwan University Hospital, and ³Institute of Biomedical Engineering and ⁴Center for Optoelectronic Biomedicine, National Taiwan University Medical College, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China

Submitted 18 February 2005 ; accepted in final form 25 April 2005

The present study tests the hypothesis that a mitral tetrahedron (MT) is a useful geometrical surrogate for assessment of chronic ischemic mitral regurgitation (CIMR). Fifty-eight subjects were divided into three groups on the basis of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and the presence or absence of CIMR: LVEF 0.5 and negative CIMR (group 1, n = 28), LVEF <0.5 and negative CIMR (group 2, n = 12), and LVEF <0.5 and positive CIMR (group 3, n = 18). MT was defined by its four vertices at the anterior annulus, posterior annulus, and medial and lateral papillary muscle roots, determined by MRI at peak systole. The results showed no clear cutoff values of MT parameters between groups 2 and 1. In contrast, all MT indexes were significantly different between groups 3 and 2 (P < 0.05), and significant cutoff values differentiated the two groups. A scoring system employing parameters of the whole MT confirmed the absence of CIMR with total edge length index <268 mm/BSA^1/3, total surface area index <2,528 mm²/BSA^2/3, and volume index <5,089 mm³/BSA (where BSA is body surface area). The sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values were 1.00. This preliminary study demonstrates that MT might serve as a good geometrical surrogate for assessing CIMR. The derived geometrical criteria of MT may be useful in surgical correction of CIMR.

coronary disease; mitral valve; magnetic resonance imaging

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