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EDITORIAL

Improvements in clinical outcomes with the use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors: cross-fertilization between clinical and basic investigation

¹Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; and ²Alton Ochsner Distinguished Scientist, Ochsner Clinic Foundation, New Orleans, Louisiana

ABSTRACT

The expanding clinical indications for the use of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors during the past three decades to reduce cardiovascular morbidity and mortality across a broad spectrum of cardiovascular diseases have been the consequence of impressively productive interchanges between basic science and clinical medicine. In some areas, the initial discovery from animal investigations produced the hypotheses that were confirmed and expanded in patients with specific disease processes. In the development of ACE inhibitors, there are also important examples where an unexpected discovery from clinical trials spurred a host of laboratory investigations that uncovered novel mechanisms to underpin the clinical observations. Although developed as an antihypertensive agent, these effective interchanges, termed "translational research," have collectively produced convincing data to demonstrate that ACE inhibitors can and should be used to slow progression of renal disease, prevent and treat heart failure, attenuate adverse left ventricular remodeling after myocardial infarction and improve prognosis, reduce atherosclerotic complications in patients with coronary artery disease, and, even more recently, reduce the incidence of Type II diabetes.

randomized-controlled clinical trials; cardiovascular events

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