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1Institut de Recherches Servier, Suresnes, France; and 2Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Hong Kong, China
Submitted 21 October 2005 ; accepted in final form 2 June 2006
In mature spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY), acetylcholine and the calcium ionophore A-23187 release endothelium-derived contracting factors (EDCFs), cyclooxygenase derivatives that activate thromboxane-endoperoxide (TP) receptors on vascular smooth muscle. The EDCFs released by acetylcholine are most likely prostacyclin and prostaglandin (PG)H2, whereas those released by A-23187 remain to be identified. Isometric tension and the release of PGs were measured in rings of isolated aortas of WKY and SHR. A-23187 evoked the endothelium-dependent release of prostacyclin, thromboxane A2, PGF2
, PGE2, and possibly PGH2 (PGI2 >> thromboxane A2 = PGF2 = PGE2). In SHR aortas, the release of prostacyclin and thromboxane A2 was significantly larger in response to A-23187 than to acetylcholine. In response to the calcium ionophore, the release of thromboxane A2 was significantly larger in aortas of SHR than in those of WKY. In both strains of rat, the inhibition of cyclooxygenase-1 prevented the release of PGs and the occurrence of endothelium-dependent contractions. Dazoxiben, the thromboxane synthase inhibitor, abolished the A-23187-dependent production of thromboxane A2 and inhibited by approximately one-half the endothelium-dependent contractions. U-51605, an inhibitor of PGI synthase, reduced the release of prostacyclin elicited by A-23187 but induced a parallel increase in the production of PGE2 and PGF2, suggestive of a PGH2 spillover, which was associated with the enhancement of the endothelium-dependent contractions. These results indicate that in the aorta of SHR and WKY, the endothelium-dependent contractions elicited by A-23187 involve the release of thromboxane A2 and prostacyclin with a most likely concomitant contribution of PGH2.
arteries; endothelial factors; hypertension; TP receptors; spontaneously hypertensive rats; Wistar-Kyoto rats
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