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Resistin impairs endothelium-dependent dilation to bradykinin, but not acetylcholine, in the coronary circulation

¹Department of Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana; ²Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana

Submitted 29 September 2005 ; accepted in final form 6 August 2006

Elevated plasma levels of fat-derived signaling molecules are associated with obesity, vascular endothelial dysfunction, and coronary heart disease; however, little is known about their direct coronary vascular effects. Accordingly, we examined mechanisms by which one adipokine, resistin, affects coronary vascular tone and endothelial function. Studies were conducted in anesthetized dogs and isolated coronary artery rings. Resistin did not change coronary blood flow, mean arterial pressure, or heart rate. Resistin had no effect on acetylcholine-induced relaxation of artery rings; however, resistin did impair bradykinin-induced relaxation. Selective impairment was also observed in vivo, as resistin attenuated vasodilation to bradykinin but not to acetylcholine. Resistin had no effect on dihydroethidium fluorescence, an indicator of superoxide (O₂^–) production, and the inhibitory effect of resistin on bradykinin-induced relaxation persisted in the presence of Tempol, a superoxide dismutase mimetic. To determine whether resistin impaired production of and/or responses to nitric oxide (NO) or prostaglandins (e.g., prostacyclin; PGI₂), we performed experiments with N-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) and indomethacin. The effect of resistin to attenuate bradykinin-induced vasodilation persisted in the presence of L-NAME or indomethacin, suggesting resistin may act at a cell signaling point upstream of NO or PGI₂ production. Resistin-induced endothelial dysfunction is not generalized, and it is not consistent with effects mediated by O₂^– or interference with NO or PGI₂ signaling. The site of the resistin-induced impairment is unknown but may be at the bradykinin receptor or a closely associated signal transduction machinery proximal to NO synthase or cyclooxygenase.

adipokine; reactive oxygen species; hormone; obesity

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