AJP - Heart pressure measurements
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Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 294: H2400-H2405, 2008. First published February 29, 2008; doi:10.1152/ajpheart.01158.2007
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Locations of ectopic beats coincide with spatial gradients of NADH in a regional model of low-flow reperfusion

Matthew Kay,1,2 Luther Swift,1 Brian Martell,1 Ara Arutunyan,1 and Narine Sarvazyan1

1Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, and 2Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The George Washington University, Washington DC

Submitted 6 October 2007 ; accepted in final form 29 February 2008

We studied the origins of ectopic beats during low-flow reperfusion after acute regional ischemia in excised rat hearts. The left anterior descending coronary artery was cannulated. Perfusate was delivered to the cannula using an high-performance liquid chromatography pump. This provided not only precise control of flow rate but also avoided mechanical artifacts associated with vessel occlusion and deocclusion. Optical mapping of epicardial transmembrane potential served to identify activation wavefronts. Imaging of NADH fluorescence was used to quantify local ischemia. Our experiments suggest that low-flow reperfusion of ischemic myocardium leads to a highly heterogeneous ischemic substrate and that the degree of ischemia between adjacent patches of tissue changes in time. In contrast to transient ectopic activity observed during full-flow reperfusion, persistent ectopic arrhythmias were observed during low-flow reperfusion. The origins of ectopic beats were traceable to areas of high spatial gradients of changes in NADH fluorescence caused by low-flow reperfusion.


Address for reprint requests and other correspondence: N. Sarvazyan, Dept. of Pharmacology and Physiology, 2300 Eye St., Washington NW DC 20037 (e-mail: phynas{at}gwumc.edu)






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