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This Article Full Text Full Text (PDF) All Versions of this Article: 297/1/H433    most recent 00216.2009v1 Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Citation Map Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Google Scholar Articles by Dua, A. K. Articles by Murrant, C. L. PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Dua, A. K. Articles by Murrant, C. L.

Skeletal muscle contraction-induced vasodilator complement production is dependent on stimulus and contraction frequency

Department of Human Health and Nutritional Science, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada

Submitted 4 March 2009 ; accepted in final form 12 May 2009

To test the hypothesis that the vasodilator complement that produces arteriolar vasodilation during muscle contraction depends on both stimulus and contraction frequency, we stimulated four to five skeletal muscle fibers in the anesthetized hamster cremaster preparation in situ and measured the change in diameter of arterioles at a site of overlap with the stimulated muscle fibers. Diameter was measured before, during, and after 2 min of skeletal muscle contraction stimulated over a range of stimulus frequencies [4, 20, and 40 Hz; 15 contractions/min (cpm), 250 ms train duration] and a range of contraction frequencies (6, 15, and 60 cpm; 20 Hz stimulus frequency, 250 ms train duration). Muscle fibers were stimulated in the absence and presence of an inhibitor of adenosine receptors [10^–6 M xanthine amine congener (XAC)], an ATP-dependent potassium (K⁺) channel inhibitor (10^–5 M glibenclamide), an inhibitor of a source of K⁺ by inhibition of voltage-dependent K⁺ channels [3 x 10^–4 M 3,4-diaminopyridine (DAP)], and an inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase [10^–6 M N^G-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) + 10^–7 S-nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine (a nitric oxide donor)]. L-NAME inhibited the dilations at all stimulus frequencies and contraction frequencies except 60 cpm. XAC inhibited the dilations at all contraction frequencies and stimulus frequencies except 40 Hz. Glibenclamide inhibited all dilations at all stimulus and contraction frequencies, and DAP did not inhibit dilations at any stimulus frequencies while attenuating dilation at a contraction frequency of 60 cpm only. Our data show that the complement of dilators responsible for the vasodilations induced by skeletal muscle contraction differed depending on the stimulus and contraction frequency; therefore, both are important determinants of the dilators involved in the processes of arteriolar vasodilation associated with active hyperemia.

stimulus frequency; contraction frequency; arteriole; skeletal muscle contraction; active hyperemia