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1 Faculte de Medecine, Laboratoire des Regulations Physiologiques et des Rythmes Biologiques chez l Homme, Strasbourg, France
2 Institut de Medecine du Sport de Troyes, Troyes, France; Ecole Centrale de Paris, Laboratoire Mathematiques Appliquees aux Systemes. Pole Sante et Biotechnologies, Chatenay Malabry, France
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: Martin.Buchheit{at}physio-ulp.u-strasbg.fr.
The objective of this study was to establish the separate associations between parasympathetic modulations of the heart (evaluated through heart rate (HR) variability (HRV) indexes and postexercise HR recovery indexes (HRR)) with cardiorespiratory fitness and training load. We have measured cardiorespiratory fitness through peak oxygen consumption (VO2max) and estimated weekly training load with the Baecke sport score in 55 middle-aged individuals. HRV indexes were analyzed at rest under controlled breathing and HRR was estimated from HR curve fitting following maximal exercise or from measurements of number of beats recovered at 60 sec after exercise. Multiple linear regressions were used to investigate the separate relationships between vagal-related HRV indexes and VO2max and Baecke scores. On the basis of their VO2max and Baecke scores, subjects were classified as fit or unfit and as lowly-trained (LT) or moderately-trained (MT), which yielded four groups: UnfitLT, UnfitMT, FitLT, FitMT. Vagal-related HRV indexes were positively correlated with VO2max (P < 0.05) but not with Baecke scores. In contrast, HRR indexes were related to Baecke scores (P < 0.05) but not with VO2max. FitLT and FitMT had significantly higher (P < 0.05) normalized vagal-related HRV indexes than UnfitLT and UnfitMT, but HRR did not change. Moderate training was associated with significant lower HRR indexes both in UnfitMT and FitMT compared to UnfitLT and FitLT, but there was no difference in vagal-related HRV indexes. These results indicate that vagal-related HRV indexes are related more to cardiorespiratory fitness, whereas postexercise HR recovery appears to be better associated with training load.
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