| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH |
|
|
|
|||||||
|
|||||||||
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
1 Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Heinrich-Heine-University, Duesseldorf, Germany; NHLBI, Laboratory of Cardiac Energetics, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
2 NHLBI, Laboratory of Cardiac Energetics, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
3 Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Heinrich-Heine-University, Duesseldorf, Germany
4 Institute for Anatomy II, Heinrich-Heine-University, Duesseldorf, Germany
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: decking{at}uni-duesseldorf.de.
Density of 15 µm microspheres after left atrial application is the standard measure of regional perfusion. In the heart, substantial differences in microsphere density are seen at spatial resolutions <5 ml, implying perfusion heterogeneity. Microsphere deposition imaging permits a superior evaluation of the distribution pattern. Therefore, fluorescent microspheres (FMS) were applied, FMS deposition in the canine heart imaged by epifluorescence microscopy in vitro, and the patterns observed compared to MR images of iron oxide microspheres (IMS) obtained in vivo and in vitro. FMS deposition in myocardial slices revealed 1) a non-random distribution, with sequentially applied FMS of different color stacked within the same vessel, 2) general FMS clustering and 3) rather large areas devoid of FMS (n=3). This pattern was also seen in reconstructed 3D-images (<1 nl resolution) of FMS distribution (n=4). Surprisingly, the deposition pattern of sequentially applied FMS remained virtually identical over 3 days. Augmenting flow by intra-coronary adenosine (>2 µM) enhanced local MS density, but did not alter the deposition pattern (n=3). The non-random, temporally stable pattern was quantitatively confirmed by a 3D inter-microsphere distance analysis of sequentially applied FMS. T2-weighted short-axis MR images (2 µl resolution) of IMS revealed similar patterns in vivo and in vitro (n=6) as seen with FMS. The observed temporally stable microsphere patterns are not consistent with the notion that microsphere deposition is solely governed by blood flow. We propose that at high spatial resolution (<2 µl) structural aspects of the vascular network dominate microsphere distribution, resulting in the organized patterns observed.
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  M. Stoll, M. Quentin, A. Molojavyi, V. Thamer, and U. K.M. Decking Spatial heterogeneity of myocardial perfusion predicts local potassium channel expression and action potential duration Cardiovasc Res, February 1, 2008; 77(3): 489 - 496. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. Marxen, J. G. Sled, L. X. Yu, C. Paget, and R. M. Henkelman Comparing microsphere deposition and flow modeling in 3D vascular trees Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, November 1, 2006; 291(5): H2136 - H2141. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R. L. Marsh and D. J. Ellerby Partitioning locomotor energy use among and within muscles Muscle blood flow as a measure of muscle oxygen consumption J. Exp. Biol., July 1, 2006; 209(13): 2385 - 2394. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. H. Aletras, G. S. Tilak, A. Natanzon, L.-Y. Hsu, F. M. Gonzalez, R. F. Hoyt Jr, and A. E. Arai Retrospective Determination of the Area at Risk for Reperfused Acute Myocardial Infarction With T2-Weighted Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging: Histopathological and Displacement Encoding With Stimulated Echoes (DENSE) Functional Validations Circulation, April 18, 2006; 113(15): 1865 - 1870. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 V. Fuster Symposium Presentations J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., October 4, 2005; 46(7_Suppl_A): 5A - 70A. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. W. Hewett, L. W. Norman, D. Sedmera, R. J. Barker, C. Justus, J. Zhang, S. W. Kubalak, and R. G. Gourdie Knockout of the neural and heart expressed gene HF-1b results in apical deficits of ventricular structure and activation Cardiovasc Res, August 15, 2005; 67(3): 548 - 560. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. Matsumoto, T. Asano, K. Mano, H. Tachibana, M. Todoh, M. Tanaka, and F. Kajiya Regional myocardial perfusion under exchange transfusion with liposomal hemoglobin: in vivo and in vitro studies using rat hearts Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, April 1, 2005; 288(4): H1909 - H1914. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH |
| Visit Other APS Journals Online |
