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Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol (March 18, 2005). doi:10.1152/ajpheart.00130.2005
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Submitted on February 8, 2005
Accepted on March 17, 2005

A cis9,trans11-conjugated linoleic acid rich-oil reduces the outcome of atherogenic process in hyperlipidemic hamster

Karine Valeille1, Jacqueline Ferezou1, Ghislaine Amsler1, Annie Quignard-Boulange2, Michel Parquet1, Daniel Gripois2, Victoria Dorovska-Taran3, and Jean-Charles Martin4*

1 Laboratoire Endocrinologie Nutrition, Universite Orsay, orsay, France
2 Centre Biomedical des Cordeliers, INSERM, Paris, France
3 Lipid Nutrition, Loders Croklaan, Wormerveer, The Netherlands
4 Faculte de Medecine La Timone, INRA, Marseille, France

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: jean-charles.martin{at}medecine.univ-mrs.fr.

Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) mixtures demonstrated anti-atherogenic properties in several animal models including hamsters, but the mechanism of action of the main food-derived CLA isomer is unknown in this species. This study thus focused on the cis9,trans11-CLA (rumenic acid), and its effect was compared to that of fish oil, known to influence several aspects of atherogenesis. Syrian hamsters were fed for 12 weeks diets containing 20% (w/w) butter-fat (B diet), or the same diet augmented with either 1% w/w of a cis9,trans11-CLA-rich oil (BR) or 1% w/w fish oil (BF). The cis9,trans11-CLA-rich diet (BR) induced the lowest aortic lipid deposition (-30 to -45%) among the butter oil-fed hamsters. In this group, plasma also displayed reduced non HDL-/HDL-cholesterol ratio (21% less than in the butter-oil group) and inflammatory serum amyloid A (SAA) levels (70-80%), and an improvement of the anti-LDLox paraoxonase activity (all P < 0.05). In comparison to the B group, the beneficial effects of rumenic acid-rich diet could be further explained in part by preventing high VCAM-1 expression rate, increasing (30%) ABCA-1 expression in aorta, and down-regulating expression of inflammatory-related genes (TNF{alpha}, IL-1{beta}, and COX-2, 2 to 2.8 fold, P < 0.05). This effect was partly associated to an activation of the PPAR's-LXR{alpha} signalling cascade. Interestingly, activation of the PPARs-LXRa signalling was not observed in hamsters fed the diet augmented with fish oil in which the early signs of atherogenesis were increased. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that milk-fat rich in cis9,trans11-CLA reduces the atherogenic process in hyperlipidemic hamsters.




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