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1 Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States; Center for Surgical Research, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: choudhry{at}uab.edu.
Since cardiac function is depressed in males but not in proestrus females following trauma-hemorrhage (T-H), we examined whether different estrus cycles influence cardiac function in female rats under those conditions. We hypothesized that females in the proestrus (PE) cycle only will have normal cardiac function following T-H and resuscitation. Sham-operation or T-H was performed in five groups of female rats (250-275 g) including PE, estrus (E), metestrus (ME), diestrus (DE), and ovariectomized (OVX) females (n=6-7/group). Cardiac function was determined at 2 h after T-H following which cardiomyocytes were isolated and nuclei extracted. Cardiomyocyte IL-6 and NF-KB expressions were measured by Western blot. Moreover, plasma IL-6, estradiol and progesterone were measured using ELISA or EIA kits. The results (one-way ANOVA) indicated that following T-H: 1) cardiac function was depressed in DE, E, ME and OVX; however, it was maintained in PE; 2) the PE group had the highest plasma estrogen level; 3) plasma IL-6 levels were increased significantly in DE, E, ME and OVX, but the increase was attenuated in PE; 4) cardiomyocyte IL-6 protein levels increased significantly in DE, E, ME and OVX after TH; however, it was attenuated in PE; and 5) cardiomyocyte NF-KB expression increased significantly; however, they were attenuated in PE. These data collectively suggest that the estrus cycle plays an important role in cardiac function following TH. The salutary effect seen in PE following TH is likely due to a decrease in NF-KB-dependent cardiac IL-6 pathway.
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