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Articles in PresS, published online ahead of print October 17, 2002
Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, 10.1152/ajpheart.00246.2002
Submitted on March 20, 2002
Accepted on October 11, 2002
1 Department of Integrative Physiology and Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, USA
2 Department of Anaesthesia, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: paul.fadel{at}utsouthwestern.edu.
Recent data indicates that bilateral carotid sinus denervation in patients results in a chronic impairment in the rapid reflex control of blood pressure during orthostasis. These findings are inconsistent with previous human experimental investigations indicating a minimal role for the carotid baroreceptor-cardiac reflex in blood pressure control. Therefore, we re-examined arterial baroreflex (carotid (CBR) and aortic (ABR) baroreflex) control of heart rate (HR) using newly developed methodologies. In ten healthy men, 27±1 years, an abrupt decrease in mean arterial pressure (MAP) was induced non-pharmacologically by releasing a unilateral arterial thigh cuff (300 Torr) following 9-minutes of resting leg ischemia under two conditions: 1) ABR and CBR deactivation (Control) and 2) ABR deactivation. Under Control conditions, cuff release decreased MAP by 13±1 mmHg while HR increased 11±2 beats·min-1. During ABR deactivation, neck suction was gradually applied to maintain carotid sinus transmural pressure during the initial twenty seconds after cuff release (Suction). This attenuated the increase in HR (6±1 beats·min-1) and caused a greater decrease in MAP (18±2 mmHg, p<0.05). Furthermore, estimated cardiac baroreflex responsiveness (
HR/MAP) was significantly reduced during Suction as compared to Control. These findings suggest that the carotid baroreceptors contribute more importantly to the reflex control of HR than previously reported in healthy individuals.
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