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Articles in PresS, published online ahead of print July 18, 2002
Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, 10.1152/ajpheart.00257.2002
Submitted on March 21, 2002
Accepted on July 15, 2002
1 Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: ito{at}uke.uni-hamburg.de.
Previous findings suggested that collateral arteries grow from preexisting arteriolar anastomoses ("arteriogenesis"). In order to investigate whether collateral growth occurs without preceding angiogenesis we obtained vascular casts and post mortem angiographies 3, 7 and 21 days after unilateral femoral artery occlusion in the rat. Proliferation kinetics were determined after BrdU infusion. A preexisting anastomose was identified. Proliferation of this vessel began 24 hours after femoral artery occlusion, increased maximally during the first 3 days and reached 60% at day 7. Cell division was restricted to preexisting anastomoses and did neither occur in directly neighboring arterial vessels nor in capillaries. Collateral vessels doubled their diameter within 7 days and assumed a typical corkscrew appearance (increase of length: 21 %). After 7 days of occlusion we measured a further increase of length(14%) but no proliferation or increase of diameter. We conclude that arteriogenesis is a biphasic process involving rapid proliferation of preexisting arteriolar shunts followed by pronounced remodeling processes. Arteriogenesis occurs independently of angiogenesis and denotes a separate entity of vascular proliferation.
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