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Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol (November 29, 2001). doi:10.1152/ajpheart.00351.2001
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Articles in PresS, published online ahead of print November 29, 2001
Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, 10.1152/ajpheart.00351.2001
Submitted on April 27, 2001
Accepted on November 19, 2001

A mathematical analysis of the dynamics of cardiac memory and accommodation. Theory and Experiment

Mari A Watanabe1* and Marcus L Koller2

1 Institute of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Glasgow University, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom; Medicine, University of Wurzburg, Wurzburg, Germany
2 Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Complexity, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: mwatanab{at}masto.physics.neu.edu.

Decreasing the slope of the dynamic, but not conventional, restitution curves is antifibrillatory. Cardiac memory/accommodation underlies the difference. We measured diastolic interval (DI) and action potential duration (APD) in epicardial, endocardial and Purkinje tissue from 8 dogs. Consecutive 100-stimulus trains were given to study transitions between cycle lengths (BCL) ranging from 400 to 1300 ms. (DI,APD) pairs aligned immediately on the line DI+APD=BCL (64/67) or oscillated (3/67). The shifting effect of up to 10 extrastimuli on restitution curves was also measured. These curves were fit with equation APD={alpha}+ßexp(-DI/{tau}). Linear regression of the parameters against number of extrastimuli showed that premature (postmature) stimuli decreased (increased) {alpha} and ß, and increased (decreased){tau}. Analysis of a mathematical model treating memory as an exponentially decreasing shift of restitution curves shows that oscillatory DI, APD is expected with large{Delta}BCL, steep restitution slope, or increased cardiac accommodation. The model explains phase shifts and suggests a common mechanism for Purkinje and myocardial electrical alternans.




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