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Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol (July 10, 2003). doi:10.1152/ajpheart.00396.2003
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Submitted on May 2, 2003
Accepted on July 8, 2003

Phenotypic Consequences of {beta}-1 Tubulin Expression and MAP4 Decoration of Microtubules in Adult Cardiocytes

Masaru Takahashi1, Hirokazu Shiraishi1, Yuji lshibashi1, Kristie L. Blade1, Paul J. McDermott1, Donald R. Menick1, Dhandapani Kuppuswamy1, and George Cooper1*

1 Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Gazes Cardiac Research Institute, Cardiology Division, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: cooperge{at}musc.edu.

In pressure overload cardiac hypertrophy, microtubule network densification is one cause of contractile dysfunction. Cardiac transcriptional upregulation of {beta}-1 tubulin rather than the constitutive {beta}-4 tubulin and of microtubule-associated protein 4 (MAP4) accompanies hypertrophy, with extensive microtubule decoration by MAP4. Since MAP4 stabilizes microtubules, and since the isoform-variable carboxy-terminus of {beta}-tubulin binds to MAP4, we wished to determine whether one or both of these proteins has etiologic significance for cardiac microtubule network densification. Recombinant adenoviruses encoding {beta}-1 tubulin, {beta}-4 tubulin, and MAP4 were used to infect isolated cardiocytes. Overexpressed MAP4 caused a shift of tubulin dimers to the polymerized fraction and formation of a dense, stable microtubule network. Overexpressed {beta}-1 or {beta}-4 tubulin had neither any independent effect on these variables, nor any effect additive to that of simultaneously overexpressed MAP4. Results from transgenic mice having cardiac overexpression of {beta}-1 tubulin or MAP4 were confirmatory, but unlike the effects of brief adenovirus-mediated MAP4 overexpression in isolated cardiocytes, MAP4 transgenic hearts showed a marked increase in total {alpha}- and {beta}-tubulin. Thus, MAP4 overexpression caused increased tubulin expression, formation of stable microtubules, and altered microtubule network properties, such that MAP4 upregulation may be one cause for the dense, stable microtubule network characteristic of pressure-overloaded, hypertrophied cardiocytes.




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