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Articles in PresS, published online ahead of print January 3, 2002
Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, 10.1152/ajpheart.00397.2001
Submitted on May 11, 2001
Accepted on December 11, 2001
1 Institute for Structural Analysis, Computational Biomechanics, Graz University of Technology, 8010 Graz, Austria
2 Institute of Pathology, Karl-Franzens-University Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: csb{at}biomech.tu-graz.ac.at.
Adventitial mechanics is studied on the basis of adventitial tube tests and associated stress analyses utilizing a thin-walled model. Inflation tests of 11 non-stenotic human femoral arteries (79.3±8.2years, mean±SD) were performed during autopsy. Adventitial tubes were separated anatomically and underwent cyclic, quasistatic extension-inflation tests using physiological pressures and high pressures up to 100kPa. Associated circumferential and axial stretches were typically smaller than 20% indicating "adventitio-sclerosis". Adventitias behaved nearly elastically for both loading domains demonstrating high tensile strengths (>1MPa). The anisotropic and strongly nonlinear mechanical responses are represented appropriately by two-dimensional Fung-type stored-energy functions. At physiological pressure (13.3kPa) adventitias carry about 25% of the pressure load in situ, while their circumferential and axial stresses are similar to the total wall stresses (about 50kPa in both directions) supporting a "uniform stress hypothesis". At higher pressures they become the mechanically predominant layer, carrying more than 50% of the pressure load. These significant load-carrying capabilities depend strongly on circumferential and axial in-vessel prestretches (mean values: 0.95 and 1.08). Based on these results the mechanical role of the adventitia at physiological and hypertensive states and during balloon angioplasty is characterized.
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