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Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol (January 9, 2003). doi:10.1152/ajpheart.00429.2002
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Submitted on May 20, 2002
Accepted on January 2, 2003

Evidence for Association of Coronary Sinus Levels of Hepatocyte Growth Factor and Collateralization in Human Coronary Disease

Daniel J Lenihan1, Abdulfatah Osman2, Vissa Sriram2, Julius Aitsebaomo3, and Cam Patterson3*

1 Cardiovascular Specialists of Texas, Texas City, TX, USA
2 Division of Cardiology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
3 Carolina Cardiovascular Biology Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: cpatters{at}med.unc.edu.

The therapeutic use of angiogenic factors to protect ischemic myocardium is limited by our incomplete understanding of their endogenous production. We determined the association between angiogenic factors and collateral formation in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). A total of 71 patients underwent catheterization with sampling of the pulmonary artery, aorta, and coronary sinus (CS) to determine the levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF). VEGF and HGF levels were not different in the 3 vascular sites suggesting that the heart is not a major source of these cytokines in the circulation. CS VEGF and HGF levels were similar in patients with and without CAD. Elevated CS HGF levels were associated with collateral formation, whereas VEGF levels were not. Additionally, CS HGF was significantly elevated in patients with left ventricular dysfunction. These data map for the first time the concentration of endogenous angiogenic factors in the coronary circulation, and support further studies to determine whether HGF may be an endogenous cardioprotective angiogenic factor.




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