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1 Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, USA; Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, USA
2 Department of Medicine, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, USA
3 Department of Medicine, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, USA; Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, USA
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: vatnerdo{at}umdnj.edu.
Aging and diabetes mellitus (DM) both affect the structure and function of the myocardium, resulting in increased collagen in the heart and reduced cardiac function. As part of this process, hyperglycemia is a stimulus for the production of advanced glycation end-products (AGE), which covalently modify proteins and impair cell function. The goal of this study was first to examine the combined effects of aging and DM on hemodynamics and collagen types in the myocardium in 12 dogs, 9-12 years old. Secondly, we examined the effects of the AGE cross-link breaker, ALT-711 (phenyl-4,5-dimethylthazolium chloride), on myocardial collagen protein content, aortic stiffness, and left ventricular (LV) function in the aged diabetic heart. The alloxan model of DM was utilized to study the effects of DM on the aging heart. DM induced in the aging heart decreased LV systolic function (LV ejection fraction fell by 25%), increased aortic stiffness, and increased collagen type I and type III protein content. ALT-711 restored LV ejection fraction, reduced aortic stiffness and LV mass with no reduction in blood glucose level (199±17 mg/dl), and reversed the upregulation of collagen type I and collagen type III. Myocardial LV collagen solubility (%) increased significantly after treatment with ALT-711. These data suggest that an AGE cross-link breaker may have a therapeutic role in aged patients with DM.
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