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Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol (July 10, 2003). doi:10.1152/ajpheart.00531.2003
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Submitted on June 6, 2003
Accepted on July 3, 2003

The Orthogonal Properties of the Redox Siblings Nitroxyl (HNO) and Nitric Oxide (NO) in the Cardiovascular System: A Novel Redox Paradigm

David A. Wink1, Katrina M. Miranda2*, Tatsuo Katori3, Daniele Mancardi1, Douglas D. Thomas1, Lisa Ridnour1, Michael G. Espey1, Martin Feelisch4, Carol A. Colton5, Jon M. Fukuto6, David A. Kass3, and Nazareno Paolocci3

1 Tumor Biology Section, Radiation Biology Branch, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
2 Department of Chemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
3 Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA
4 Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, USA
5 Division of Neurology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
6 Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: kmiranda{at}email.arizona.edu.

Endogenous formation of nitric oxide (NO) and related nitrogen oxides in the vascular system is critical to regulation of multiple physiological functions. An imbalance in the production or availability of these species can result in progression of disease. Nitrogen oxide research in the cardiovascular system has primarily focused on the effects of NO and higher oxidation products. However, nitroxyl (HNO), the one electron reduced product of NO, has recently been shown to have unique and potentially beneficial pharmacological properties. HNO and NO often induce discrete biological responses, providing an interesting redox system. This review discusses the emerging aspects of HNO chemistry and attempts to provide a framework for the distinct effects of NO and HNO in vivo.




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