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Articles in PresS, published online ahead of print October 17, 2002
Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, 10.1152/ajpheart.00546.2002
Submitted on July 2, 2002
Accepted on September 28, 2002
1 Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
2 Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
3 Department of Molecular Cardiovascular Biology, Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: hduff{at}ucalgary.ca.
Objectives: Echocardiograms have been assessed only at 56 days in mice overexpressing calcineurin (CN). Age-dependent echocardiographic changes were evaluated because development of sudden death is time-dependent. Since cyclosporin A (CsA) reverses hypertrophy in CN mice, its effects on the time-course of development of sudden death and cardiac dysfunction were assessed. Methods and Results: In wildtype mice (WT), left ventricular internal end-diastolic dimension (LVIDd) increased and left ventricular mass index (LVMI) decreased with age. In CN, two distinct phases of pathophysiology were found. At 14 days in CN, LVIDd and LVMI were significantly increased but sudden death had not occurred. After 28 days, relative dilation of the CN left ventricle occurred while LVMI decreased. Sudden death developed during progressive dilation associated with systolic and diastolic dysfunction. CsA treatment reversed hypertrophy in CN mice but did not reverse systolic and diastolic dysfunction and exaggerated sudden death. Conclusion: Sudden cardiac death was associated with systolic and diastolic dysfunction but was not related to isolated cardiac hypertrophy in CN mice.
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