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Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol (August 17, 2007). doi:10.1152/ajpheart.00592.2007
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Submitted on May 20, 2007
Accepted on August 14, 2007

Mismatch between uniform increase in cardiac glucose uptake and regional contractile dysfunction in pacing-induced heart failure

Vincenzo Lionetti1, Letizia Guiducci2, Anca Simioniuc1, Giovanni Donato Aquaro3, Claudia Simi2, Daniele De Marchi3, Silvia Burchielli3, Lorenza Pratali3, Marcello Piacenti3, Massimo Lombardi3, Piero Salvadori3, Alessandro Pingitore3, Danilo Neglia3, and Fabio A. Recchia4*

1 Sector of Medicine, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy; Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, Pisa, Italy
2 Sector of Medicine, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy
3 Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, Pisa, Italy
4 Sector of Medicine, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy; Physiology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, 10595, United States

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: fabio_recchia{at}nymc.edu.

Increased glucose utilization and regional differences in contractile function are well-known alterations of the failing heart and play an important pathophysiological role. We tested whether, similar to functional derangement, changes in glucose uptake develop following a regional pattern. Heart failure was induced in 13 chronically instrumented minipigs by pacing the left ventricular (LV) free wall at 180 beats ·min-1 for 3 weeks. Regional changes in contractile function and stress were assessed by magnetic resonance imaging, whereas regional flow and glucose uptake were measured by positron emission tomography utilizing, respectively, the radiotracers 13N-ammonia and 18F-deoxyglucose. In heart failure, LV end-diastolic pressure was 20±4 mmHg and ejection fraction was 35±4 % (all P≤0.05 vs control). Sustained pacing-induced dyssynchronous LV activation caused a more pronounced decrease in LV systolic thickening (7.45±3.42 vs 30.62±8.73%, P≤0.05) and circumeferential shortening (-4.62±1.0 vs -7.33less double equals1.2%, P≤0.05) in the antero/antero-lateral region (pacing site) compared to the infero-septal region (opposite site). Conversely, flow was significantly reduced by approximately 32% compared to control and was lower in the opposite site region. Despite these non homogenous alterations, regional end-systolic wall stress was uniformly increased by 60% in the failing LV. Similar to wall stress, glucose uptake markedly increased versus control (0.24±0.004 vs 0.07±0.01 µmol · min-1 · g-1, P≤0.05) with no significant regional differences. In conclusion, high frequency pacing of the LV free wall causes a dyssinchronous pattern of contraction that leads to progressive cardiac failure with a marked mismatch between increased glucose uptake and regional contractile dysfunction.







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