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1 Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Kuopio University and University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
2 Department of Physiology, Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, University of Kuopio, Kuopio, Finland
3 Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Kuopio University and University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland; Department of Physiology, Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, University of Kuopio, Kuopio, Finland
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: arja.uusitalo-koskinen{at}kuh.fi.
We studied the effect of regular physical activity on cardiac and vascular autonomic modulation during a five-year controlled randomized training intervention in a representative sample of older Finnish men. Heart rate (HRV) and blood pressure (BPV) variability is a marker of cardiac and vascular health, reflecting cardiac and vascular autonomic modulation. One hundred and forty randomly selected 53-63-year- old men were randomized into two identical groups: an intervention (EX) and a reference (CO) group, of which 89 remained until the final analysis (EX: n = 47, CO: n = 42). The EX trained for 30 to 60 minutes three to five times a week with the intensity of 40-60% of maximal oxygen consumption. The mean weekly energy expenditure of the training program for the five-year training period was 3.80 MJ, and 71 % of the EX exceeded the mean. The EX had a significantly (p<0.01) higher oxygen consumption at ventilatory aerobic threshold (O2VT) than the CO at the 5-year time point. V O2VT had a tendency to increase in the EX and decrease in the CO (interaction p<0.001) from the baseline to the 5-year time point. Peak performance did not change. Low frequency power of R-R interval variability decreased in the EX (p<0.01, by 6%) from the baseline to the 5-year time point. BPV did not change. In conclusion, low intensity regular exercise training did not prevent HRV from decreasing, or change BPV in five years in older Finnish men.
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