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Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol (November 7, 2002). doi:10.1152/ajpheart.00648.2002
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Articles in PresS, published online ahead of print November 7, 2002
Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, 10.1152/ajpheart.00648.2002
Submitted on July 24, 2002
Accepted on October 31, 2002

Voltage-Sensitive Dye Mapping in the Langendorff-Perfused Rat Heart

Anders Nygren1, Colleen Kondo1, Robert B. Clark1, and Wayne R. Giles1*

1 Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: wgiles{at}ucalgary.ca.

An imaging system suitable for recordings from Langendorff-perfused rat hearts using the voltage-sensitive dye di-4-ANEPPS has been developed. Conduction velocity was measured under hyper- and hypokalemic conditions, as well as at physiological and reduced temperature. Elevation of [K+] to 9 mM from 5.9 mM caused a slowing of conduction velocity from 0.66±0.08 mm/ms to 0.43±0.07 mm/ms (35%), and reduction of the temperature to 32 °C from 37 °C caused a slowing from 0.64±0.07 mm/ms to 0.46±0.05 mm/ms (28%). Ventricular activation patterns in sinus rhythm showed areas of early activation (breakthrough) in both the right and left ventricle, with breakthrough at a site near the apex of the right ventricle usually occurring first. The effects of mechanically immobilizing the preparation to reduce motion artifact were also characterized. Activation patterns in epicardially paced rhythm were insensitive to this procedure over the range of applied force tested. In sinus rhythm, however, relatively large immobilizing force caused prolonged PQ intervals, as well as altered ventricular activation patterns. The time-dependent effects of the dye on the rat heart were characterized, and include 1) a transient vasodilation at the onset of dye perfusion and 2) a long-lasting prolongation of the PQ interval of the electrocardiogram, frequently resulting in brief episodes of AV block.




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