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Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol (January 9, 2003). doi:10.1152/ajpheart.00651.2002
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Submitted on July 25, 2002
Accepted on December 26, 2002

Dietary n-3 PUFAs affect the blood pressure rise and cardiac function modulation in a hyperinsulinemia rat model in vivo

Delphine Rousseau1, Cecile Helies-Toussaint1, Daniel Moreau2, Daniel Raederstorff3, and Alain Grynberg1*

1 Faculte de Pharmacie, INRA-UR1154, Universite Paris-sud, Chatenay-Malabry, France
2 Faculte de Medicine, LPPCE, Dijon, France
3 Department of VFHF, F. Hoffmann-LaRoche, Basel, Switzerland

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: grynberg{at}jouy.inra.fr.

The cardiovascular consequences of eicosapentaenoic (EPA) and docosahexaenoic (DHA) acid specific intake were evaluated in vivo in a hyperinsulinemia (HI) model, induced by dietary fructose intake. Wistar rats were fed a diet containing (or not for control) either EPA or DHA. The rise in BP, heart rate, and ECG were continuously monitored using an intra-abdominal telemetry system. The myocardial phospholipid fatty acid profile was significantly affected by DHA intake, less by EPA intake. The data indicate a reduced rise in BP in both DHA and EPA hyperinsulinemic groups as compared to control. This result was confirmed by tail-cuff measurement after 5 weeks (133.3±1.67 and 142.5±1.12 mmHg in n-3 PUFA and control groups, respectively), whereas n-3 PUFA did not affect BP in non-HI rats (116.3±3.33 mmHg). The heart rate was lower in the HI-DHA group, than in the 2 other dietary HI groups. Moreover, DHA induced a significantly shorter QT interval. It is concluded that both EPA and DHA were efficient to prevent the hyperinsulinemia-induced rise of blood pressure, and that DHA exhibited a double effect directly exerted on the heart, through a mechanism that may involve the cardiac adrenergic system.




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