AJP - Heart Calcium Transients and Cell-Sarcomere
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Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol (August 17, 2007). doi:10.1152/ajpheart.00651.2007
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Submitted on June 6, 2007
Accepted on August 16, 2007

Monophasic action potentials generated by bidomain modeling as a tool for detecting cardiac repolarization times

Piero Colli Franzone1*, Luca Franco Pavarino2, Simone Scacchi3, and Bruno Taccardi4

1 Dipartimento di Matematica, Universita' di Pavia, Pavia, Italy
2 Mathematics, Universita' degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
3 Mathematics, Universita' degli Studi di Pavia, Pavia, Italy
4 Cardiovascular Research and Training Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: colli{at}imati.cnr.it.

Unipolar electrograms (EGs) and hybrid (or unorthodox or unipolar) monophasic action potentials (HMAPs) are currently the only proposed extracellular electrical recording techniques for obtaining cardiac recovery maps with high spatial resolution in exposed and isolated hearts. Estimates of the repolarization time from the HMAP downstroke phase have been the subject of recent controversies. The goal of this paper is to computationally address the controversies concerning the HMAP information content, in particular the reliability of estimating the repolarization time from the HMAP downstroke phase. 3D numerical simulations were performed by using the anisotropic bidomain model with a region of short action potential duration (APD). EGs, transmembrane action potentials (TAPs) and HMAPs elicited by an epicardial stimulation close or away from a permanently depolarized (PD) site were computed. The repolarization time was computed as the moment of EG fastest upstroke (RTeg) during the T-wave, of HMAP fastest downstroke (RTHMAP), and of TAP fastest downstroke (RTtap). The latter was taken as the gold standard for repolarization time. We also compared the times (RT90HMAP , RT90tap) when the HMAP and TAP first reach 90% of their resting value during the downstroke. For all explored sites, the HMAP downstroke closely followed the TAP downstroke, which is the expression of local repolarization activity. Results show that HMAP and TAP markers are highly correlated, and both markers RTHMAP and RTeg (RT90HMAP) are reliable estimates of the TAP reference marker RTtap (RT90tap). Therefore, the downstroke phase of the HMAP contains valuable information for assessing repolarization times.







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