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1 Physiology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, United States
2 Physiology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, United States; Departments of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi, Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, United States
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: jgranger{at}physiology.umsmed.edu.
Preeclampsia (PE) is associated with increased total peripheral resistance (TPR), reduced cardiac output (CO) and diminished uterine and placental blood flow. We have developed an animal model that employs chronic reductions in uterine perfusion pressure (RUPP) in pregnant rats to generate a "preeclamptic-like" state during late gestation that is characterized by hypertension, proteinuria and endothelial dysfunction. While this animal model has many characteristics of human PE, the systemic hemodynamic and regional changes in blood flow that occur in response to chronic RUPP remains unknown. Therefore, we hypothesized that RUPP would decrease uteroplacental blood flow and CO, and increase TPR. Mean arterial pressure (MAP), CO, cardiac index (CI), TPR and regional blood flow to various tissues were measured using radiolabeled microspheres in two groups of conscious rats: normal pregnant rats (NP; n=8) and RUPP rats (n=8). MAP was increased (132 ± 4 vs. 99 ± 3 mmHg) in the RUPP rats compared to the NP dams. The hypertension in RUPP rats was associated with increased in TPR (2.15 ± 0.02 vs. 0.98 ± 0.08 mm Hg/ml/min) and decreased CI (246 ± 2.0 vs. 348 ± 2.0 ml/min) when contrasted with NP dams. Further, uterine (0.16 ± 0.03 vs. 0.38 ± 0.09 ml/min/g tissue) and placental blood flow (0.30 ± 0.08 vs. 0.70 ± 0.10 ml/min/g tissue) were decreased in RUPP compared to the NP dams. These data demonstrate that the RUPP model of pregnancy induced hypertension has systemic hemodynamic and regional blood flow alterations that are strikingly similar to those observed in women with PE.
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